Advances in Smart Agriculture: The Role of IoT and Big Data in Precision Farming

Abstract

The agricultural industry is undergoing a major transformation through the adoption of smart farming technologies, particularly the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data analytics. This paper explores the impact of these technologies on precision farming, which allows for more efficient use of resources such as water, fertilizer, and labor. The study examines the integration of IoT sensors, drones, and machine learning algorithms in monitoring soil health, weather conditions, and crop growth patterns. Through a review of recent advancements in precision farming, the research highlights the benefits of increased productivity, resource optimization, and environmental sustainability. However, challenges remain in terms of high initial costs, data privacy concerns, and the need for skilled labor to manage these technologies. The paper concludes that while smart agriculture has the potential to revolutionize farming practices, widespread adoption will require substantial investment in infrastructure, training, and policy support.