Effects of Fertilizer on Crop Production and Soil Nutrient Content

Abstract

In heavily farmed areas, fertilizers have been especially important in increasing agricultural output and guaranteeing food security. fertiliser's effect on soil health and crop output, with a focus on achieving a sustainable balance between the two. The increasing demand for food has led to the widespread adoption of fertilizers, particularly NPK, which boost crop growth, increase yield, and curb pests. However, soil fertility declines over time, organic matter decomposes, microbial activity drops, and artificial fertilizers are overused and overused. how a more sustainable approach can be achieved through integrated nutrient management (INM), which involves blending organic and inorganic fertilizers, to replace soil nutrients while preserving productivity. Prior research has shown that crops perform better when fertiliser application rates are moderate and tailored to the specific soil type and crop needs. On the other hand, excessive fertiliser application can damage soil properties and raise environmental hazards like groundwater contamination and greenhouse gas emissions. Sustainable crop production and soil conservation can be achieved by the prudent use of fertilizers, which are still essential in modern agriculture. This can be achieved through practices such as precision farming, site-specific nutrient management, and the introduction of bio-fertilizers.